Optimal. Leaf size=153 \[ \frac{\left (5 b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (b+2 c x^3\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{192 c^3}-\frac{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (5 b^2-4 a c\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+2 c x^3}{2 \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}\right )}{384 c^{7/2}}-\frac{5 b \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{72 c^2}+\frac{x^3 \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{12 c} \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.135841, antiderivative size = 153, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 20, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.3, Rules used = {1357, 742, 640, 612, 621, 206} \[ \frac{\left (5 b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (b+2 c x^3\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{192 c^3}-\frac{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (5 b^2-4 a c\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+2 c x^3}{2 \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}\right )}{384 c^{7/2}}-\frac{5 b \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{72 c^2}+\frac{x^3 \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{12 c} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 1357
Rule 742
Rule 640
Rule 612
Rule 621
Rule 206
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int x^8 \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6} \, dx &=\frac{1}{3} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int x^2 \sqrt{a+b x+c x^2} \, dx,x,x^3\right )\\ &=\frac{x^3 \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{12 c}+\frac{\operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \left (-a-\frac{5 b x}{2}\right ) \sqrt{a+b x+c x^2} \, dx,x,x^3\right )}{12 c}\\ &=-\frac{5 b \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{72 c^2}+\frac{x^3 \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{12 c}+\frac{\left (5 b^2-4 a c\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \sqrt{a+b x+c x^2} \, dx,x,x^3\right )}{48 c^2}\\ &=\frac{\left (5 b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (b+2 c x^3\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{192 c^3}-\frac{5 b \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{72 c^2}+\frac{x^3 \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{12 c}-\frac{\left (\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (5 b^2-4 a c\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{a+b x+c x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )}{384 c^3}\\ &=\frac{\left (5 b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (b+2 c x^3\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{192 c^3}-\frac{5 b \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{72 c^2}+\frac{x^3 \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{12 c}-\frac{\left (\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (5 b^2-4 a c\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{4 c-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac{b+2 c x^3}{\sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}\right )}{192 c^3}\\ &=\frac{\left (5 b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (b+2 c x^3\right ) \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}{192 c^3}-\frac{5 b \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{72 c^2}+\frac{x^3 \left (a+b x^3+c x^6\right )^{3/2}}{12 c}-\frac{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (5 b^2-4 a c\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+2 c x^3}{2 \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}\right )}{384 c^{7/2}}\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [A] time = 0.0717056, size = 136, normalized size = 0.89 \[ \frac{2 \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6} \left (b \left (8 c^2 x^6-52 a c\right )+24 c^2 x^3 \left (a+2 c x^6\right )-10 b^2 c x^3+15 b^3\right )-3 \left (16 a^2 c^2-24 a b^2 c+5 b^4\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b+2 c x^3}{2 \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^3+c x^6}}\right )}{1152 c^{7/2}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [F] time = 0.019, size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int{x}^{8}\sqrt{c{x}^{6}+b{x}^{3}+a}\, dx \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F(-2)] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Exception raised: ValueError} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A] time = 1.64847, size = 699, normalized size = 4.57 \begin{align*} \left [\frac{3 \,{\left (5 \, b^{4} - 24 \, a b^{2} c + 16 \, a^{2} c^{2}\right )} \sqrt{c} \log \left (-8 \, c^{2} x^{6} - 8 \, b c x^{3} - b^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a}{\left (2 \, c x^{3} + b\right )} \sqrt{c} - 4 \, a c\right ) + 4 \,{\left (48 \, c^{4} x^{9} + 8 \, b c^{3} x^{6} + 15 \, b^{3} c - 52 \, a b c^{2} - 2 \,{\left (5 \, b^{2} c^{2} - 12 \, a c^{3}\right )} x^{3}\right )} \sqrt{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a}}{2304 \, c^{4}}, \frac{3 \,{\left (5 \, b^{4} - 24 \, a b^{2} c + 16 \, a^{2} c^{2}\right )} \sqrt{-c} \arctan \left (\frac{\sqrt{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a}{\left (2 \, c x^{3} + b\right )} \sqrt{-c}}{2 \,{\left (c^{2} x^{6} + b c x^{3} + a c\right )}}\right ) + 2 \,{\left (48 \, c^{4} x^{9} + 8 \, b c^{3} x^{6} + 15 \, b^{3} c - 52 \, a b c^{2} - 2 \,{\left (5 \, b^{2} c^{2} - 12 \, a c^{3}\right )} x^{3}\right )} \sqrt{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a}}{1152 \, c^{4}}\right ] \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int x^{8} \sqrt{a + b x^{3} + c x^{6}}\, dx \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \sqrt{c x^{6} + b x^{3} + a} x^{8}\,{d x} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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